Indonesia Revokes PT Toba Pulp Lestari Forest Permit Amid Environmental Violations and Tenure Conflicts
The Indonesian Ministry of Forestry has officially terminated the operations of PT Toba Pulp Lestari (TPL), a major pulp and paper producer, effective January 26, 2026. This landmark decision was…
Surviving the Supervolcano How the Toba Eruption Reshaped Human Resilience and Migration Patterns in Prehistoric Africa
The eruption of the Toba supervolcano approximately 74,000 years ago stands as one of the most cataclysmic geological events in the history of the Cenozoic era. Located in present-day Sumatra,…








